Dead load types include which two categories?

• A. Initial and Superimposed
• B. Permanent and Variable
• C. Static and Dynamic
• D. Live and Dead

Answer: (C)

Dead loads are the weights that act on a bridge from the structure itself and other permanent attachments, so they’re usually treated as static because they don’t change under normal service. Yet over time, factors like temperature changes, creep, and shrinkage can cause the effects of these loads to vary and the structure to respond dynamically. That combination—a constant, enduring load plus time-dependent, dynamic behavior—is why static and dynamic are the best way to describe dead-load types in this context. Other pairings don’t match how these loads are treated: some options mix live loads with dead loads or focus on construction-phase distinctions rather than the observed behavior of the loads over time.